Robotics and automation are the focus of a new research centre - CARR - which serves as a University-wide focal point for Sheffield Hallam's diverse portfolio of robotics and automation projects, dedicated to the fostering and development of robotics research, teaching and consultancy.

Headed up by Dr Jacques Penders, and part of the Materials and Engineering Research Institute, the centre is divided into two research groups, both concentrating on a field of robotics expertise.

The Mobile Machines and Vision Laboratory (MMVL) focuses on the connection between artificial perceptions and physical actions, particularly in the use of sensors and sensing techniques. With expertise in artificial intelligence, computer vision, embedded systems engineering, electronic design, mathematical modelling and swarm robotics, the group applies sensory technology to robots, so that they can be employed in ordinary environments.

Systems modelling and integration, CARR's other research group, uses research council and industry funding to focus on the enhancement and development of modelling techniques such as computer simulation, operations management, and control and automation technologies. Drawing on robotics and sensing expertise from across the centre, the group works with a range of industries from aerospace and automotive, to food and service, manufacturing, and the postal service.

Despite being less than a year old, CARR has already provided a valuable contribution to a number of research projects. One particular highlight has been the research and consultancy work in partnership with South Yorkshire Fire and Rescue on the development on two miniature robotic detectors. The robots have a diameter of just 16 centimetres yet could prove invaluable in protecting the safety of fire officers in dangerous situations.

The robots are equipped with a range of sensory technology, which allows fire fighters to assess the structural and environmental safety of a situation without putting lives at risk. Working in teams of 30, the 'guardians' are capable of communicating independently to one another, acting as beacons, swarming a site and detecting fires and obstacles - information which is then relayed to fire fighters.

The 'viewfinders' are deployed in smaller numbers and are fitted with chemical sensors and video cameras to map safe entry routes and locations for tackling structurally unsafe buildings after events such as explosions or large fires. They are also able to test for dangerous airborne chemicals which might otherwise go undetected.

It is hoped that over the next three years, these technologies can be further refined to a point where they can be implemented in the field, as well as create new opportunities for robots to assist in the home.

Dr Jacques Penders is the co-ordinator (and principal researcher) on the Guardian and Viewfinders project, and said, 'In fire and rescue there are many hidden dangers, such as structural soundness of buildings, or when thick smoke is masking the rescuer's entrance or escape route, which can severely impair their senses. The guardian and viewfinder robots will assist in the search and rescue by ensuring a communication link and helping the human team to estimate the safety of the path they are taking and the best direction to follow.

'Terrorism, and particularly the London bombings, have put pressure on fire and rescue services to be more aware of chemical dangers. But there is a lot of information they need to know, and their full time job is fighting fires! The ongoing relationship between ourselves and South Yorkshire Fire and Rescue will mean we can help by sharing our knowledge with them.'

To find out more about the work of CARR, visit the MERI website.